Double divided gun flue horizontal coking retort oven



Feb. 23, 1965 D. w. BONNETT 3,170,850

DOUBLE DIVIDED GUN FLUE HORIZONTAL COKING RETORT OVEN Filed Oct. 19, 1961 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 szc rorq c-c 5E.CTION 0-0 INV TOR. 04101151. 0: N577 his HTTQE ZSK' 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 W MW Ma a'd'g fii r ZZ ,4 @@'Z2L4 Feb. 23, 1965 D. w. BONNETT DOUBLE DIVIDED GUN FLUE HORIZONTAL COKING RETORT OVEN Filed Oct. 19, 1961 Feb. 23, 1965 D. w. BONNETT 3,170,850

DOUBLE DIVIDED GUN FLUE HORIZONTAL COKING RETORT OVEN Filed Oct. 19, 1961 v 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. QQ/vIeL WW5 rr.

Feb. 23, 1965 D. w. BONNETT DOUBLE DIVIDED GUN FLUE HORIZONTAL COKING RETORT OVEN 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Oct. 19, 1961 interior compartments.

United States Patent C) 3,170,850 DOUBLE DIVIDED GUN FLUE HORIZONTAL COKING RETORT OVEN Daniel W. Bennett, Pittsburgh, Pa., assignor to Koppers Company, Inc., a corporation of Delaware Filed Oct. 19, 1961, Ser. No. 146,163

. 6 Claims. (Cl. 202141) The present invention relates in general to cross regenerative horizontal coking retort ovens of the double divided gun flue type exemplified by J. van Ackeren, US. Patents 2,200,377 and 2,378,450 wherein the heating walls are constituted of interior and two opposite exterior end to end groups of vertical heating flues crosswise of the oven battery for flow of waste gas between interior and exterior groups of fines through short'horizontal fines at the tops of said groups in a heating wall.

In coke ovens of this general type, it is necessary to have two horizontal gun flues in the masonry brickwork between the bottoms of the heating flues and the tops of the regenerators, throughout the entire length of each heating wall for operation in alternation to supply rich fuel gas to the two kinds of groups of vertical fines in each heating wall. It has also been necessary to separate the regenerators into interior and exterior compartments crosswise of the battery for supply of combustion air in alternation to the interior and exterior fines groups in correspondence with their on and 01f phases of operation in accordance with the well-known reversal in operation of the regenerators. Such reversal in operation of the regenerator compartments crosswise of the battery entails the provision of sole channels at the base of the regenerators for counterflow operation in alternation for inflow of air to be preheated and outflow of waste gases of combustion from the regenerators.

These oven batteries are commonly built upof masonry brickwork composed of silica brick and silica mortar joints and, consequently, when heated up for operation in coking coal expand from the middle of the battery crosswise outwardlytowards the two opposite coke and pusher side ends of the coking chambers. The expansion is cumulative from the middle towards the two opposite ends of the heating walls and the lossof heat by radiation to the outer atmosphere is greatest at the coke and pusher side quarter ends of the heating walls.

Accordingly, the brickwork at the two outer quarter 'ends of the heating walls open up, in time, to a greater extent than the brickwork of the remaining interior two quarter parts of the heating walls, and leakage of rich gas from one of the gas gun fines when operable for on flow of rich gas occurs through the opened masonry joints to the regenerator ducts of an off regenerator compartment, then operable for off-flow of waste gas occurs, to a greater extent in the regions of the two outer quarter regions of the battery than in the interior two quarter regions which expand to a lesser extent.

The compartmentalization of the regenerators crosswise of the battery entails the use of a vertical partition between each of the two exterior compartments and the These partitions prevent the inspection and cleaning of the tops of the regenerators through peep holes at the coke and pusher sides ofthe battery. The side-by-side sole channels for the on and off compartments likewise tend to lose pressure and gas or air due to leaks and often metal casings are required to seal off the sole channels to prevent such loss.

With the present invention, these disadvantages are eliminated due to the inclusion of the following features in oven batteries of the above-noted type.

According to the invention, only two rich gas gun fines are provided for each heating wall, one entering from the coke side of the battery and the other entering from flowing into the vertical heating fines.

3,170,856 Patented Feb. 23, 1965 the pusher side of the battery. Each gun flue extends only three-fourths the length of the wall and feeds half of the vertical heating fines therein by means of rich gas ducts from only the first and third quarters of each gun flue. The two guns each operate in alternation for on and oil flow of rich gas to the first and third quarter groups of fines from the respective coke and pusher sides of the battery at which the gun fines respectively enter and are fed with rich gas from mains along the two opposite sides of the battery. In this manner, counterflow between active. gun fines and the regenerator ducts for regenerators operable for outflow of waste gas from off vertical fiues in the heating walls can occur, due to the high pressure differential, only in the two center sections or quarters of each heating wall. Cracks in the brickwork allowing such gas leakage are least likely to occur in the center of the battery, and the greater leakage problems which heretofore occurred in prior art ovens of the above-notedtype, are not likely to occurs in the outer, or first, quarters of the heating walls, since there is only one gas gun extending through such outer quarters and they are always operable for flow in the same direction as the regenerator underneath those sections which serve the vertical heating fines in the outer quarters in on and off operation.

The regenerators run all the way across the battery without partition walls in the space above the tops of the regenerator filler material and below the tops of the regenerator chambers and each regenerator communicates with an exteriorv quarter group and an interior quarter group of vertical fines in each of two adjacent heating walls so that adjacent regenerators operate in alternation with each other for on flow of air and off flow of waste gases of combustion from the heating walls.

Each regenerator can be connected to a single waste heat are regulated by sliding bricks in the horizontal fines through access passages in the oven battery roof.

Advantages of this design of coke ovens are:

A highpressure difierential between the rich gas gun fiues and the regenerator waste gas suction system occurs only where cracks are least likely to occur in thetwo center sections of each heating wall where the active gas gun fines run close to the regenerator duct cowncorners from the vertical flues to the regenerators. There are no gas gun flues active for inflow of rich fuel gas in the end quarters of the heating walls, where cracks are most likely to occur, during the times these regions are under lower pressure conditions due to outflow of waste gas, which condition would produce a high pressure diiierential between the waste gas flowing out of, and the rich fuel gas Since the regenerators run continuously across the battery, it is possible to inspect and clean the entire top of the regenerative filler in the regenerator chambers through peep holes at the side faces of the battery, which has not been possible with prior art double divided ovens due to the necessity for transverse partitions to form compartmentalized inner and outer regenerator compartments corresponding to the inner and outer groups of concurrent 011" and off vertical heating fines in each double divided as? flues may be provided under the filler mass in each regenerator chamber without the necessity for installing a metal casing or sleeve around one of the sole channels in order to stop cross leakages, since such sole flues in each regenerator chamber at any one time both serve solely for waste heat outflow or solely for inflow of air to be preheated on its way to the vertical heating flues. There is thus no high pressure differential condition at any time which might require gastight lining or incasing of one of the sole flues for double divided operation of the heating flues.

Because each regenerator can be connected to waste heat mains on both sides of the battery, a higher oven of this design can be built on old foundations for obsolete ovens, utilizing the same waste heat mains, but with twice the draft capacity. Since both mains then can be used simultaneously, rather than just one, for waste gas oilflow at a time as with the previous obsolete oven, these mains can serve higher vertical flues for heating higher coking chambers due to the use of shorter and smaller horizontal flues which is made possible by the double dividingof the heating flues in each heating wall for concurrent on and off combustion in the connected flue groups.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and showing for purposes of exemplification a preferred manner and best mode of embodying the present invention but without limiting the claimed invention in all its aspects specifically to such illustrative instance or instances.

FIGURE 1 is a composite vertical cross-sectional view taken transversely of a battery of horizontal coking chambers on the lines CC and DD of FIG. 3',

FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line II-II of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a composite vertical cross-sectional view taken longitudinally of the battery on the lines AA and BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged detail view of the gun flue and regenerator duct portion of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectionalview taken on the line VV of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the horizontal flue region at the tops of the vertical flues as shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line VII-VII of FIG. 6.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in each of the several views of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, there is shown an upper masonry mass of silica brick with silica mortar joints comprising a longitudinal row of alternate horizontal, tapered coking chambers 10 and intermediate heating walls 11, each constituted of vertical combustion or flame flues 12, and a lower masonry mass of silica brick with silica mortar joints comprising pillar walls 13 below the heating walls 11. The pillar walls 13 form crosswise regenerator chambers 14 between each two pilar walls 13, which regenerator chambers are below and parallel with the coking chambers and parallel with the heating walls and pillar walls.

tors. Peep holes 18 are provided in the end walls 19, 20

at the coke and pusher sides of the battery at a level on a line with the free space between the top 16 of the regenerative filler and the top 21 of the regenerator chambers 14, which top forms the base of the coking chambers 11 Inspection and cleaning of the tops 16 of the filler mass is attained through these peep holes.

Air for combustion of rich gas in the heating flues is supplied through air valves 22 to a regenerator reversal flow box 23 for each regenerator. This box also contains a valve 23' for exhaust of Waste gas to a waste heat flue 24, which leads to a smoke stack, not shown. The reversal boxes 23 communicate, each through a port 25, with one end of the sole flues 17. As shown, a pair of sole flues 17 are provided for each regenerator chamber. These sole flues each communicate through calibrated orifices in its top with the filler means of the regenerator to discharge the air to be preheated thereunto and to withdraw Waste gases of combustion off from the bottom of the regenerative filler mass in alteration in accordance with the well-known reversal in operation of regenerative masses. Each sole flue 17 of a pair is provided with a reversal flow box at both their pusher side 19 and coke side ends and with separate waste heat flues 24 at both sides of the battery.

The vertical heating flues 12 are interconnected at their tops by horizontal fiow duct means 28 for operation of the flues of each wall in quarter groups of seven flues each, for concurrent operation of two exterior quarter groups as on combustion flues in alternation with two interior groups as oflf waste gas combustion products flues. Preferably, the horizontal duct means is constituted as two short shallow horizontal flues each extending from one of the two opposite sides 19, 20 of the battery in to a point on the longitudinal median line of the battery 29 where they are in end to end relation and are separated by a wall 29. Thus, the exterior and interior groups on either side of wall 29 will constitute a set of flues operating in alternation. In operation in alternation the gases from the two on groups during any one reversal tend to divide equally and pass in equal amounts to two concurrently operable oil groups in a wall without the need for a partition wall 29. But due to the taper of the oven chambers, which increase in width from the pusher side to the coke side, to facilitate the pushing out of the finished coke cakes from the oven chambers, the coke side requires more heat units than the pusher side half because the coal mass is thicker, so that the partition walls 29 are of greater advantage in dividing the flow of gases to provide such greater volume of heat on the coke side half, without also providing partitions in the through regenerator chambers.

Regeneratively preheated air and non-regeneratively preheated rich fuel gas is supplied to the two exterior and two interior quarter groups of vertical flame flues in alternation without leakage from active gas gun flues 30, 31 in the outer quarter regions of the battery during flow of waste gas from the outer groups of vertical flame flues to the regenerators connected to such flues during their off period of operation, and without counterflow in the sole flues at the base of the regenerators. This is attained by operating the regenerators as two sets for concurrent on and oil operation in alternation with each other, with alternate regenerators A as one set for on and off operation in alternation with the intermediate regenerators I as the other set for concurrent oil and on operation. This is done by connecting the conventional reversing mechanism, not shown, for operating the valves 22, 23 for the flow reversal boxes 23 to open the air valves 22 and close the waste heat valve 23' for alternate regenerators A while closing the air valve 22 and opening the waste heat valve 23 for the intermediate regenerators I in one half of each to 30 minutes, regenerative cycle, and then close the air valves 22 and open the waste heat valves 23 for the alternate regenerators A and open the air valves 22 and close the waste heat valves 23 for the intermediate regenerators I for the next half of each regenerative cycle.

The alternate regenerators A are each communicably connected by regenerator ducts 27 with the pusher side exterior quarter group of flues and coke side interior gre ses quarter group of flues of alternate heating walls A and with the pusher side interior quarter group of flues and the coke side exterior quarter group of flues of the intermediate heating walls I on opposite sides of the coking chambers above the alternate regenerators A.

The intermediate regenerators I are likewise communicably connected by regenerator ducts 27 with the pusher side exterior quarter group of flues and coke side interior quarter group of flues of intermediate heating walls I and with the pusher side interior quarter group of flues and the coke side exterior quarter group of flues of the alternate heating walls A on opposite sides of the coking chambers 10 above the intermediate regenerators I.

The rich fuel gas is fed to the vertical heating flues 12 of each of said heating walls A and I through two gas gun fiues 30, 31 for each wall, one 30 entering from the pusher side 1? and the other 31 entering from the coke side 20 of the battery. .Each gas gun flue is connected by means of rich gas riser ducts 26 with some of the flues 12 in the heating wall 12. The two gas gun flues 30, 31 each extend along the bases of the heating walls 11 in the capital 32 of the pillar walls 13 and are connected by the gas risers 26 in such manner that each gun flue 30, 31 communicates only with the outer quarter group of flues 12 nearest the side of the battery at which it enters, skips the inner quarter group of flues 12 on that side of the battery, communicates with the interior quarter group of flues 12 on the opposite side of the battery, to terminate at the outer end of the latter group, so that there is a section of only one gas gun flue 30 or 31 in the brickwork in the capitals 32 in the regions of the regenerator ducts 27 between the exterior quarter group flues 12 and the regenerators 14 therebeneath that communicate with such exterior group of flues 12. The two gas gun flues 30, 31 for each heating wall 11 run parallel to each other under only the two interior quarter groups of flues 12 where there is relatively little expansion of the brickwork andhence little if any possibility of leakage. Only one of these gas gun flues 30 or 31 is active at any one time so that only alternate groupsof vertical flues 12 in each heating wall 12 are fed with rich fuel gas on one reverse by one of the gun-flues 30, 31.

The reversal of operation of the gun flues 30, 31 for each heating Wall 11 is effected by conventional reversing mechanism, not shown, which operates the levers for the gas valves 33 which control the flow of rich fuel ga from the rich fuel gas mains 34.

shown, is set to operate air and waste heat valves for all alternate regenerators A to open their air valves 22 and close their Waste heat valves 23' and to concurrently close the air valves 22 and open the Waste heat valves 23 for all intermediate regenerators I.

At this time, the reversing mechanism operatesthe rich gas supply valves 33 on the. pusher side 19 to the gun flues 30 to close the valves 33 to the gun fiues 30 for all the intermediate heating walls I and open the valves 33 to the guniiues 30 for all the alternate heating walls A. At this time the reversing mechanism also I 33 to the gun lines 31 for all the alternate heating walls A.

Air from the alternate through regenerators A flows through regenerator ducts 27 to the vertical heating flues 12 of the pusher side 19 exterior groups of flues of the alternate heating walls A and the pusher side 19 in terior group of flues of theintermediate heating walls I, as well as to the coke side 20 interior groups of flues in the alternate heating walls A and the coke side 20 exterior groups of flues in the intermediate heating walls I. The gas and air then pass through the rich gas riser ducts 26 and regenerator air ducts 27 to enter the pusher side interior and coke side exterior groups of flues in the intermediate heating walls wherein they burn. The waste gases of combustion flow through the horizontal flues 28 to, and down through the pusher side exterior and coke side interior groups of flues to leave through their regenerator ducts 27 and pass out to the two waste heat flues 24 through the intermediate regenerators I and sole flues 17. Similar upfiow combustion occurs in the pusher side exterior and coke side interior groups of flues in the alternate heating walls A, the hot waste gases of combustion flowing down through the pusher side interior and coke side exterior groups of flues in the alternate heating Walls to the intermediate regenerators I their sole flues 17 and two waste heat tunnels or flues 24.

On reversal, the flow is in the reverse direction through the intermediate regenerators I and up through the groups of flues connected thereto and down through the flues groups connected to the alternate regenerators A to the waste heat tunnels.

During such reversals in operation, there is no inflow of fuel gas to through conduits at the exterior quarter sections of the heating wall while their flues are passing waste gas down through their ducts 27 to the regenerators I or A. The rich gas flows through channels in those regions only when the regenerators 14 and flues 12 in that region are operable for inflow at pressures substantially the same as the pressure of the rich gas entering the flues in these regions. Hence, leakage of gas is avoided in the regions Where the cracks are most likely to occur in these exterior regions of the battery.

The tops of the regenerators can be readily seen clear through the battery through the peep holes 18 and cleaned when necessary from this vantage point. The waste gas leaves the regenerators through two sole flue channels and two waste heat flues which permits building new higher ovens on old foundations having two such Waste heat flues 24, and without requiring metal lined sole flues 17 to prevent loss of air pressure for the flues to the waste heat sole channels 17.

The novel gas gun flue feature for the aforesaid double divided heating flue system is also equally applicable to compartmentalized regenerator chamber sections individualized Ito and to end reverse flow groups of flues, and the through regenerator features of the aforesaid double divided system is also equally applicable to double divided systems with rich gas conduits that extend in pairs under all groups in a heating Wall system employing double divided heating flue groups along the walL.

The invention as hereinabove set forth is embodied in a particular form and manner but may be variously embodied Within the scope of the claims as hereinafter made.

I claim: I

1. Ina coking retort oven, a horizontally-extending heating wall constituted of two inner'groups of vertical combustion flues in endwise abutting relationship and two exterior groups of ventical combustion flues disposed at the far ends of the inner groups in endwise abutting relationship therewith, one of said exterior and one of said interior groups being communicably connected at their tops in a first set for reverse flow of waste gases of combustion from each to the other in alternation and the remaining exterior and interior groups being conbeing disposed lengthwise through the bottom of said wall with one of said gun flues extending inwardly from one end of said heating wall under three groups proceeding from said one end, and the other of said gun flues extending inwardly from the opposite end of said heating wall under three groups proceeding from said opposite end; and rich gas riser ducts communicab ly connecting each of said gun flues with the vertical combustion flues of the first and third groups of flues under which each of said gun flues extends, said gun flues each being closed to the second group of flues under which each of said gun flues extends and also being closed to, and terminating in advance of, the exterior group of flues disposed beyond the third group under which each of said gun flues extends.

2. In a coking retort oven, a horizontally-extending heating wall having a row of vertical combustion flues with a regenerator duct at the base of each flue and a pair of horizontal flow duct means, each of said duct means communicably connecting the tops of the flues of a separate one of two exterior groups of flues at opposite ends of said row of flues with the tops of a separate one of a pair of interior groups of vertical flues disposed in said row between said exterior groups thereby composing two separate sets for reversal in flow of waste gases of combustion between the groups of flues in each set in alternation; the improvement in connection with each said heating wall comprising a gas gun flue extending inwardly from one end of said heating wall along the bases of said flues under the exterior group of flues at said one end of said heating wall and proceeding along said wall through the bases of the flues of both interior groups of flues and terminating in advance of the bases of the exterior group of flues at the opposite end of said heating wall; a second gas gun flue extending inwardly from the opposite end of said heating wall along the bases of said flues under the exterior group of flues at said opposite end of said heating wall, proceeding along said wall through the bases of the flues of both interior groups of flues and terminating in advance of the bases of the exterior group of flues at the aforesaid one end of the heating wall, and rich gas riser ducts extending from each gas gun flue to the bottom of each of the vertical flues of the exterior group above the respective gas gun flues and to the bottom of each vertical flues of the interior group of the other set from that including said last mentioned exterior group.

3. In a coking retort oven, a horizontally-extending heating wall constituted of a row of vertical combustion flues operable in two sets, said wall of flues comprising two interior quarter groups and two exterior quarter groups, one of said exterior quarter groups and theinterior quarter group in endwise abutting relationship therewith constituting the first set and the remaining exterior and interior quarter groups constituting the second set, the flues of each quarter group of each set being operable in alternation with the other quarter group thereof for inflow combustion and outflow of waste gas, a gas gun flue extending inwardly from one end of said heating wall along the same under thefirst three quarter groups arranged in a series from said one end, said gun flue communicating through rich gas riser duets with each of the vertical flues of the first and third quarter groups only the three quarter groups under which said gun flue extends, a second gas gun flue extending inwardly from the other end of said heating wall along the same under the first three quarter groups arranged in series from said other end of said heating wall, said second gas gun flue communicating through rich gas riser ducts with each of the vertical flues of the first and third quarter groups only of the three quarter groups under which said second gas gun flue extends, regenerator ducts placing each of the flues of said interior and exterior groups of flues in communication with unpartitioned regenerators extending beneath and parallel to said heating wall, said regenerator ducts being located in the vicinity of said gas gun flues, said gas gun flues each terminating in advance of the fourth group of flues in each series of groups proceeding from that end of the heating wall at which the respective gas gun flues enter the same.

4. In a horizontal gas gun flue coke oven battery comprising: a series of alternate horizontally-extending coking retort oven chambers an intermediate heating walls arranged side by side in a row, each heating wall comprising interior and exterior groups of flues in end to end relation along the heating wall and communicably connected at their tops for upflow combustion and downflow of combustion products in alternation; crosswise through regenerators separated by pillar walls below said row of coking chambers and heating walls, the regenerators and pillar walls being parallel with the coking chambers and heating walls and extending continuously through the battery from the pusher side to the coke side thereof with an uninterrupted inspection space along the tops of the regenerator chambers and with peep holes in side faces of the battery for inspection and cleaning the tops of the regenerators from said side faces of the battery; two sole channels at the base of each regenerator, each of said sole channels having valved connections at each end to two waste heat flues along both sides of the battery; first series of regenerator ducts in the base of the heating walls communicably connecting the alternate regenerators with the pusher side exterior groups and coke side interior groups of flues in the alternate heating walls a second series of and with the pusher side interior groups and coke side exterior groups of the intermediate heating Walls; regenerator ducts in the base of the heating walls communicably connecting the intermediate regenerators with the pusher side exterior groups and coke side interior groups of heating flues of the intermediate heating walls and with the pusher side interior groups and coke side exterior groups of heating flues of the alternate heating walls; a gas gun flue extending inwardly under each heating wall from the pusher side of the battery, each said gun flue extending along the pillar walls for the heating walls in the region of the bottoms of't'ne heating flues, each said gun flue extending up to, and terminating in advance of, the exterior group of flues at the coke side of the battery, each said gas gun being connected by rich gas riser ducts with the bottoms of the vertical heating flues of the pusher side exterior group and coke side interior group of flues of its respective heating Wall; a second gas gun flue extending inwardly of each heating wall from the coke side of the battery, each said second gun flue extending along the pillar wall for the heating walls in the region of the bottoms of the heating flues, each said second gun flue extending up to, and terminating in advance of, the exterior group of flues at the pusher side of the battery, each such second gas gun flue being connected by rich gas riser ducts with the bottoms of the vertical heating flues of the coke side exterior group and pusher side interior group of flues of its respective heating wall; the alternate regenerators and the coke side gas gun flues for alternate heating walls and pusher side gas gun flues for the intermediate heating walls being operable in alternation with the intermediate regenerators and the coke side gas gun flues for the intermediate heating walls and pusher side gas gun flues for the alternate heating Walls for inflow combustion in, and outflow of combustion products from, the vertical flues of the groups S rv thereby as aforesaid, whereby all portions of the coal masses in the coking chambers may be concurrently heated by a combination flame heating on one side of four separated parts and waste gas heating on the opposite sides of each of said parts in alternation with each reversal in operation of the flues and regenerators in correspondence with the reversal in operation of the regenprising: a seriesof alternate horizontally-extending colting retort oven chambers and intermediate heating walls arranged side by side in a row, each heating Wall comprising interior andexterior groups of flues in end to end relation along the heating wall and communicably connected at their tops for upflow combustion and downflow of combustion products in alternation; crosswise through regenerators separated by pillar walls below said row of coking chambers and heating walls, the regenerators and pillar walls being parallel with the coking chambers and heating walls and extending continuously through the battery from the pusher side to the coke side thereof with an uninterrupted inspection space along the tops of the regenerator chambers and with peep holes in side faces of the battery for inspection and cleaning the tops of the regenerators from said side faces of the battery; a

first series of regenerator ducts in the base of the heating communicably connecting the intermediate regenerators with the pusher side exterior groups and coke side interior groups of heating flues of the intermediate heating Walls and with the pusher side interior groups and coke side exterior groups of heating flues of the alternate heating walls; a gas gun flue extending inwardly under each heating wall from the pusher side of the battery, each said gun flue extending along the pillar walls for the heating walls in the region of the bottoms of the heating lines, each said gun flue extending up to, and terminating in advance of, the exterior group of flues at the coke side of the battery, each said gas gun being connected by rich gas riser duets with the bottoms of the vertical heating flues of the pusher side exterior group and coke side interior group of flues of its respective heating wall; a second gas gun flue extending inwardly of each heating wall from the coke side of the battery, each said second gun flue extending along the pillar wall for the heating walls in the region of the bottoms of the heating flues, each said second gun flues extending up to, and terminating in advance of, the exterior group of flues at the pusher side of the battery, each such second gas gun flue being connected by rich gas riser ducts with the bottoms of the Vertical heating flues of the coke side exterior group and pusher side interior group of flues of its respective heating wall; the alternate regenerators and the coke side gas gun flues for alternate heating walls and pusher side gas gun flues for the intermediate heating walls being operable in alternation with the intermediate regenerators and the coke side gas gun flues for the intermediate heating walls and pusher side gas gun flues for the alternate heating walls for inflow combustion in, and outflow of combustion products from, the vertical flues of the groups served thereby as aforesaid, whereby all portions of the coal masses in the coking chambers may be concurrently heated by a combination of flame heating on one side of four separated parts and waste gas heating on the opposite sides of each of said parts in alternation wtih each reversal in operation of the flues I and regenerators in correspondence with the reversal in operation of the regenerators without loss of rich fuel gas to the portions of the regenerators under the exte rior groups of flues by leakage fom gun flues located be-l tween such regenerator portions and the exterior groups of flues thereabove.

6. In a horizontal gas gun flue coke oven battery comprising; 'a series of alternate horizontally-extending coking retort oven chambers and intermediate heating walls arranged side by side in a row, each heating wall comprising interior and exterior groups of flues in end to end relation along the heatingwall and communicably connected at their tops for upflow combustion and downflow of combustion products in alternation; regenerators separated'by pillar walls below said row of coking chambers and heating walls and operatively disposed in a first and a second set for operation in alternation with each other for inflow and outflow; a first series of regenerator ducts in the base of the heating walls communicably connecting the regenerators of said first set with the pusher side exterior groups and coke side interior groups of flues in the alternate heating walls and with therpusher side interior groups and coke side exterior groups of the intermediate heating walls; a second series of regenerator ducts in the base of the heating walls communicably connecting the regenerators of said second set with the pusher side exterior groups and coke side interior groups of heating flues of the intermediate heating walls and with the pusher side interior groups and coke side exterior groups of heating flues of the alternate heating walls; a gas gun flue extending inwardly under each heating wall from the pusher side of the battery, each said gun flue extending along the pillar Walls for the heating Walls in the region of the bottoms of the heating flues, each said gun flue extending up to, and terminating in advance of, the exterior group of fiues at the coke side of the battery, each said gas gun being connected by rich gas riser ducts with the bottoms of the vertical heating flues of the pusher side exterior group and coke side interior group of flues of its respec tive heating wall; a second gas gun flue extending inwardly of each heating wall from the coke side of the battery, each said second gun fiue extending along the pillar wall for the heating walls in the region of the bottoms of the heating flues, each said second gun flue extending up to, and terminating in advance of, the exterior group of flues at the pusher side of the battery, each such second gas gun flue being connected by rich gas riser duets with the bottoms of the vertical heating flues of the coke side exterior group and pusher side interior group of flues of its respective heating wall; the regenerators of said first set and the coke side gas gun flues for alternate heating Walls and pusher side gas gun flues for'the intermediate heating walls being operable in alternation with the regenerators of said second set and the coke side gas gun flues for the intermediate heating walls and pusher side gas gun flues for the alternate heating walls for inflow combustion in, and outflow of combustion products from, the vertical flues of the groups served thereby as aforesaid, whereby all portions of the coal masses in the coking chambers may be concurrently heated by a com- 7 References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,3 32,909 3 /20 Lucke 202-144 2,098,013 11/37 Pavitt 202-144 2,378,450 6/45 Van Ackeren 202-444 FOREIGN PATENTS 474,3 16 10/37 Great Britain.

MORRIS O. WOLK, Primary Examiner. ALPHONSO D. SULLIVAN, Examiner. 

1. IN A COKING RETORT OVEN, A HORIZONTALLY-EXTENDING HEATING WALL CONSTITUTED OF TWO INNER GROUPS OF VERTICAL COMBUSTION FLUES IN ENDWISE ABUTTING RELATIONSHIP AND TWO EXTERIOR GROUPS OF VERTICAL COMBUSTION FLUES DISPOSED AT THE FAR ENDS OF THE INNER GROUPS IN ENDWISE ABUTTING RELATIONSHIP THEREWITH, ONE OF SAID EXTERIOR AND ONE OF SAID INTERIOR GROUPS BEING COMMUNICABLY CONNECTED AT THEIR TOPS IN A FIRST SET FOR REVERSE FLOW OF WASTE GASES OF COMBUSTION FROM EACH TO THE OTHER IN ALTERNATION AND THE REMAINING EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR GROUPS BEING CONNECTED IN A SEPARATE SECOND SET IN LIKE MANNER, REGENERATOR DUCTS EXTENDING FROM THE BOTTOMS OF EACH OF THE VERTICAL FLUES THROUGH THE BOTTOM OF THE HEATING WALL FOR INFLOW OF REGENERSITIVELY PREHEATED AIR TO AND OUTFLOW OF HOT WASTE GASES FROM EACH OF THE FLUES IN ALTERNATION, TWO RICH GAS GUN FLUES OPERABLE IN ALTERNATION WITH EACH OTHER FOR INFLOW OF RICH FUEL GAS TO SAID WALL, SAID GUN FLUES BEING DISPOSED LENGTHWISE THROUGH THE BOTTOM OF SAID WALL WITH ONE OF SAID GUN FLUES EXTENDING INWARDLY FROM ONE END OF SAID HEATING WALL UNDER THREE GROUPS PROCEEDING FROM SAID ONE END, AND THE OTHER OF SAID GUN FLUES EXTENDING INWARDLY FROM THE OPPOSITE END OF SAID HEATING WALL UNDER THREE GROUPS PROCEEDING FROM SAID OPPOSITE END; AND RICH GAS RISER DUCTS COMMUNICABLY CONNECTING EACH OF SAID GUN FLUES WITH THE VERTICAL COMBUSTION FLUES OF THE FIRST AND THIRD GROUPS OF FLUES UNDER WHICH EACH OF SAID GUN FLUES EXTENDS, SAID GUN FLUES EACH BEING CLOSED TO THE SECOND GROUP OF FLUES UNDER WHICH EACH OF SAID GUN FLUES EXTENDS AND ALSO BEING CLOSED TO AND TERMINATING IN ADVANCE OF, THE EXTERIOR GROUP OF FLUES DISPOSED BEYOND THE THIRD GROUP UNDER WHICH EACH OF SAID GUN FLUES EXTENDS. 